Causes and Symptoms of Myoclonus Dystonia

Myoclonus dystonia is a movement disorder characterized by movement jerks and twitches some body parts unconsciously.

Symptoms of this disorder usually appear in childhood or early adolescence.

Movement disorder triggered by certain movements, stress, caffeine, alcohol, or sound.

When jerks movement causes muscle relaxation, the condition is called 'negative myoclonus'.

Instead, jerks movement resulting muscle contraction, a condition called 'positive myoclonus'.


Cause

This rare disorder caused by mutations in the epsilon-sarcoglycan gene (SGCE), who served encodes a protein ε-sarcoglycan.

The function of this protein is unknown, but it is present in the cell membrane of neurons and muscle cells. This protein deficiency affects the control and coordination of movement.


Symptom

Myoclonus dystonia symptoms include the sudden movements and uncontrolled that generally affects the arms, neck, and limbs.

There are very few cases in which the face and legs are also feeling the sudden movement. Symptoms tend to worsen as a result of alcohol consumption.

Other symptoms that may be observed include anxiety, depression, panic attacks, obsessive compulsive disorder, and other personality disorders.

Myoclonus dystonia can develop gradually, and then stabilized, or may worsen over time.

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