Acute Tonsillitis

Etiology:

Acute tonsillitis is caused by germs Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal, pneumococcal, viridans streptococci and Streptococcus pyogenes. Viruses sometimes also be the cause of this disease. Tonsillitis is often occur suddenly in children with increase in temperature 1-4 degrees Celsius.


Pathophysiology:

Transmission of the disease occurs through droplets. Germs infiltrating epithelial layer, then when germs eroded, then the lymphoid tissue superficial to react, damming occurs inflammation with infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes.


Clinical Manifestations:

Group A streptococcal tonsillitis should be distinguished from diphtheria, non-bacterial pharyngitis, other forms of bacterial pharyngitis and mononucleuosis infectious. Symptoms and signs are found in acute tonsillitis include body temperature rose to 40 ° C, sore throat and pain when swallowing, breathing the smell, the sound will become hoarse, high fever, a sense of lethargy, pain in the joints, no appetite and ear pain. On examination will also appear swollen tonsils, hyperemia and detritus are shaped follicles, lacuna will be covered by a pseudo membrane. Submandibular gland swelling and tenderness.


Complications:

Acute otitis media (kids), abscess parafaring, toxemia, septicemia, bronchitis, acute nephritis, myocarditis, and arthritis.


Management :

The treatment is performed in patients with tonsillitis usually with self-care and the use of antibiotics. Surgery is only performed if it reaches tonsillitis that can not be handled alone.

1. Self care
If tonsillitis patients attacked because the virus should let the virus goes away by itself. For one or two weeks the patient should rest, drink hot beverages also consume liquid cooling.

2. Antibiotics
If tonsillitis is caused by bacteria, antibiotics play a role in the healing process. Oral antibiotics should be eaten for at least 10 days.

3. Surgery
Tonsilektomy usually performed on children if the child has tonsillitis during seven times or more in a year, the child has tonsillitis five times or more in two years, the tonsils to swell and result in difficulty breathing, abscesses.
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